There was an element of truth behind it all in that when audio and video were transmitted in analogue form (ie. a waveform - think sine wave), the signal travelling in the cable was very susceptible to noise and interference. This caused the signal to degrade and become noisy, resulting in a loss of clarity at the receiving end - especially over longer distances. Your picture may not have been as sharp and crisp as it should be or your audio may not have been as clear as it should be. Using better quality cables helped rectify some of these issues, though not without cost. Higher end cables cost considerably more than the basic options - though put side by side, it was often possible to see or hear the difference and so this outweighed the cost. With the theory there to support the technology, it made more sense.

Examples of analogue connections include:
- SCART
- RCA
- Component - YPbPr (though this is a 'High Definition' interconnect, the signal is still transmitted in analogue form)
- Wire connection to speakers

Digital Connectivity
Fast forward to today where most, if not all new current home AV systems are digital or have an option to use a digital method of signal transmission.

Examples of digital connections include:
- HDMI
- SPDIF
- Optical

For anyone that is even slightly technically minded, they will know that digital is all about 1's and 0's. Either on or off. The signal that is sent down these cables is sent in 1's and 0's in varying ways depending on the content that is being transmitted.

Now this is where a bit of logical thinking comes in.

With your old analogue signal, if it deteriorated a little bit due to bad quality cable, that part of the information was lost. However, if the '1' in a digital signal is affected by some noise and gets a bit weaker by the time it gets to the other end, it is irrelevant. The receiving equipment will still see it as a '1' (as long as the interference doesn't cause it to drop below the threshold) and thus the signal received is exactly the same as the signal sent. There is no loss, noise or degradation.

In a round about way, what this means is that for most general applications, in terms of functionality, a cheap HDMI cable will do exactly the same job, and will do it to exactly the same standard as a HDMI cable costing several times as much.

Footnote
This is not the end of the story, however - there are some instances where buying a slightly more expensive ('slightly' not 'ridiculously') is worth it.

1. The REALLY cheap and nasty HDMI cables are not built as well and the internal wiring or even the housing for the connector may be prone to breaking. The better built, more expensive cables will usually be up to taking some heavier abuse.

2. As I mentioned there is a threshold at which point a digital '1' or '0' may not be explicitly clear to the receiving piece of equipment due to interference or signal degradation. For a digital signal, in a typical home environment, this would likely only happen when using cables over long distances. It is probably worth getting a slightly better quality cable for longer distances (>5m) or very (electrically) noisy environments.

Makes you think doesn't it

This is essential if you are looking to delegate control of users within an OU to a different group of select logins to allow others to perform basics tasks like changing passwords without needing the domain administrator account.

The Snap-In required is "Active Directory Users and Computers". This would be set to "Enabled"  along with the main policy to restrict all other snap-ins allowing the specified users access to the Active Directory structure and the group/users they are controlling.

Attempting to login as a user delegated to perform password resets and attempting to launch the required snap-in as a restricted user may result in the following error:

The snap-in below, referenced in this document has been restricted by policy. Contact your administrator for details. Folder.

Clicking past this error message will result in the Snap-In loading and functioning correctly, but its disconcerting to the user and annoying.

It appears to reference a Snap-In "Folder" which has been restricted by the Group Policy set as mentioned above (remember all Snap-In's except for Active Directory Users and Computers are restricted). However, there is no reference to any such Snap-In in the GPO Editor.

Creating a Custom Admin Template

We need to add an entry to the Group Policy that enables this Snap-In. This is done by added a Custom Admin Template that references the Snap-In's GUID. Assuming you have created and saved an .msc file containing only the Active Directory Users and Computers Snap-In (done via MMC), this can be viewed in a text editor to find the GUID. For further streamlining for pure password reset application, you could create a Custom Taskpad .msc but I won't go into that here.

There will likely be several GUID references in this file but the important one is

{C96401CC-0E17-11D3-885B-00C04F72C717}

You now need to create a Custom Admin Template to allow this Snap-In. Open a blank text document and copy the following:

CLASS USER

CLASS USER

CATEGORY "Windows Components"

CATEGORY "Microsoft Management Console"

CATEGORY "Custom Settings"

POLICY "Microsoft Folder Snap-In"

KEYNAME "Software\Policies\Microsoft\MMC\{C96401CC-0E17-11D3-885B-00C04F72C717}"

EXPLAIN "Permits or prohibits use of this snap-in."

VALUENAME "Restrict_Run"

VALUEON NUMERIC 0

VALUEOFF NUMERIC 1

END POLICY

END CATEGORY

END CATEGORY

END CATEGORY

Save this file with the extension .adm in C:\Windows\inf

In the GPO Editor for the policy in question, navigate through the tree to

User Configuration

Right click on

Administrative Templates

And add the .adm file you just created.

Now navigate to

User Configuration
--->Windows Components
------->Microsoft Management Console
----------->Custom Settings

There should now be an entry named "Microsoft Folder Snap-In". Set this to "Enabled"

Re-apply your policy across the network and logging in as a delegated user and launching Active Directory Users and Computers should no longer give an error message.

One of the greatest entertainers, musicians and performers that we have had. I love listening to his music and watching his performances - in awe of the talent and showmanship he had - I grew up with a lot of his music and still love it to this day. To know that he has gone is really quite sad but I know he will be remembered by many as the true King of Pop and for everything he brought to the world of music and entertainment. RIP

Immediate thoughts are that on the surface it all seems to be a win-win situation for the consumer, a 2.5% drop in the VAT has to be a positive thing given the current economic climate...right? It should encourage people to spend more...right?

Why drop the VAT rate?
The VAT rate has been reduced, not just to encourage people to buy more, but with the ultimate aim of boosting the falling economy and rescue a lot of businesses which would otherwise be quite likely to go under in the next 12 months.

First thing to note though, is that it is not a 2.5% reduction in the ticket price. It actually equates to an overall reduction of 2.13% if you do the maths.

Secondly, it means that a lot of high street retailers and smaller stores are spending an obsene amount of money changing all the POS, till systems and advertising media to reflect the new prices so as to draw in more customers and show that they have the best deal.

This has therefore resulted in a spate of obscure prices. For example, rather than having a simple £29.99 item, it is now £29.35 meaning stores need to have a lot more easily accessiblechange and it also means if we as consumers pay using cash, will more than likely end up carrying a lot more loose change around.

I don't know about you, but I'd rather pay the £29.99 and have 1p change, putting the difference back into the economy, than walk with a limp, dragging my leg because its 3kg heavier for all the change.

And before I get people claiming that all the small change adds up...consider that if you say, spend £300 a month on items that incur VAT at the 15% rate...you'll save less than a whopping £7...

The only time you'd see a significant saving is if you spend tens of thousands...and if you're spending tens of thousands on items which incur VAT, the difference is probably insignificant to you!

All in my opinion, and generally speaking, of course.

(Oh, and fuel duty has gone up by 2p)

The failings of their software solutions were made even more prominent with the release of Windows Vista, which completely changed the way audio drivers work in comparison to XP. During Beta and RC stages of Vista testing, Creative had no proper drivers available (I had no sound functionality when using Vista x64 RC2), while other big name manufacturers at least made an effort to distribute some functional Beta samples ahead of Vista's final release date.

Eventually, Creative got their act together and released some drivers which at least allowed you to get sound from your card on Vista - but that was about all they could do - many features were missing that were present in XP - features that a lot of people bought these cards for (EAX in gaming, for example). Creative blamed this on the way Vista worked saying that the software could not easily be adapted.

Fast forward to more recently (2007) when Creative released a software update called ALchemy which re-enabled OpenAL sound processing in Vista - effectively breathing life into X-Fi and Audigy series cards. Problem was, Creative released ALchemy free of charge to X-Fi users but charged for it to become useable for Audigy cards - even though the process was the same and the features were the same.

Enter Daniel Kawakami (Daniel K). Driver modder. Working on his own, he modified the free version of ALchemy to work on Audigy series cards and also modified the Creative drivers themselves for Vista users to enable functionality that Creative said was impossible to reinstate. He'd basically done their work for them and this allowed people to actually use their Creative sound cards again.

Then it all went sour. In March 2008, Creative issued a post on their community forums basically telling Daniel K to stop developing their drivers or they would take legal action:

We have read the strong feedback about Creative's forum post regarding driver development by Daniel_k and other outside parties. Creative's message posted on our behalf by our Company spokesperson tried to address our concern about the improper distribution of certain software which is the property of other companies. However, we did not make it as clear as we would have liked that we do support driver development by independent third parties. The huge task of developing driver updates to accommodate the many changes in the Vista operating system and the extensive testing required, including the lengthy Vista certification requirements for audio, makes it very difficult for Creative to develop updates for all past products. Outside developers have been very helpful to Creative and our customers by developing updates for many of our Sound Blaster products, and we do support and appreciate these efforts. This however does not extend to the unauthorized distribution of other companies' property. We hope to work out a mutually agreeable method for working with Daniel_k in supporting his efforts in driver development. Going forward, we are committed to doing a better job of working more closely with third parties to support their development for our products and our customers.

And also following direct questioning, O'Shaughnessy, the company’s vice president of corporate communications said:

If we choose to develop and provide host-based processing features with certain sound cards and not others, then that is a business decision that only we have the right to make. The main issue is that Kawakami has been including support for features that Creative didn’t intend to enable on certain cards.

In response to the threat, Daniel K responded that he didn't believe he was a hacker and that modifying drivers is common practise - take modified nVidia drivers that allow SLi in non-SLi chipsets boards, or the GeForce to Quadro mod. The full list of features which were disabled in Vista by Creative and succesfully re-enabled by Daniel K are as follows:

Dolby/DTS decoding
CMSS, CMSS2 and Stereo Surround
Advanced EQ and Special FX presets
DVD Audio
Hardware MIDI synthesizer
Equalizer
WaveRT

Overall, his general opinion of Creative is summed up in the following quote:

They publicly threatened me just to show their arrogance. If they had contacted me by email or private message, I would have done the same thing (remove everything) and no one would know about their dissatisfaction.

There was no need for Creative to remove everything that I'd posted on the forums even if it was unrelated to the modded drivers. If they can’t provide better drivers, then let people make their own choice.

And I must say, I feel exactly the same - as I'm sure other people do.

If you want to check these drivers out you can find them on various torrent sites and also links here

There were a couple of problems I needed to overcome though - it would not be a case of simply swapping units over.

The first thing I needed to do was figure out a way to connect the EEE PC to my existing M2-ATX PSU so that the ignition was still able to control the PC turning on and off. On the existing system, this is done using a simple connection to the header on the motherboard. When the PSU recieves the ignition signal, it shorts these two pins together and the system powers on.

On the EEE PC, there is no header that I could connect such a lead to, so I had to rip things open and add one myself...

How to Get at the Internals:

- Remove all screws from the underside of the unit
- On the top edge of the keyboard, there are a couple of springy clips holding it in. Use a flat screwdriver to hold these in and prise the top edge of the keyboard out. The whole thing should slide upwards now and will be attached to the main chassis by a thin ribbon cable.

- You can unclip the ribbon cable to get the keyboard out of the way (carefully!)
- With the keyboard out of the way, remove the black screws holding the top half of the chassis down. You don't need to remove the two either side of the screen. There are also a couple of plastic clips on the rear - by the screen pivots. These need prising apart (again - either a flat screwdriver or case splitter will be fine). The cover should lift off, revealing the motherboard.

- There are a couple of retention clips on the bottom side of the motherboard which can be released by sliding the motherboard up slightly. It should pop out.
- The VGA port also needs to be levered slight to release the side of the main board. When this is done, it should come loose and if you remove the mini-plug for the fan connector, the board can be removed entirely.

For the purpose of this guide, I was interested in the power button, located near the right hand side screen pivot point. The images below show the switch with what appears to be 5 soldered connectors. With a bit of testing and a flat screwdriver, I determined that the pins which needed shorting together to initiate turn on / switch off were the top two.

So I went about soldering some fly leads and threading them through the chassis, making them secure so they couldnt be pulled off easily.

Putting the EEE PC back together again and plugging it in / connecting the battery, allowed me to test that it all worked properly. Touching the two fly leads together (same as ignition ON) starts the PC up. Once booted, touching the leads together again initiates shutdown (same as ignition OFF).

Next problem is to sort out is the difference in voltage supplied by the regulated PSU (12V) and the input required by the EEE PC (9.5V). Stay tuned...

I then realised that 22 is just an awesome number because it contains two of the same number - one after the other - no spaces in between or anything! First and foremost, it makes remembering how old you are that little bit easier. When you get to my old age, your memory starts to fade and having one less number to remember makes all the difference in the world.

Another reason which leads me to elevate it to its 'awesome' status is that consisting of two number 2's, and there are two digits, and 2+2 = 4, and 4 / 2 = 2, and 1+1 = 2. Also, thanks to my old friend Pythagoras, a^2 + b^2 = c^2. That actually bears no relavence whatsoever, I just have a thing for Pythagoras. And his theorem is pretty funky too.

You also know when you are a bit geeky when you get lots of emails from forums you are registered on wishing you Happy Birthday. It's also slightly disturbing to come to the realisation that you regularly post on a lot of these forums. It's also a bit disconcerting to have to stop yourself from going immediately to said forums and post "Its my bday lol".

Not that any of this happened to me - its just a passing comment.

The decision I made wasn't about something trivial like what to eat for Breakfast - oh no! I decided to drive a 200 mile round trip for some sugar coated rings of heaven.

Yes, Krispy Kreme. For those who have never heard of Krispy Kreme, it is an American and Canadian doughnut chain which has been going for over 70 years. I personally got hooked on the doughnuts when I went to Canada and visited one of the outlets.

Since then, I have been trying to figure out the logistics of sending doughnuts via the postal service with them remaining edible at the end of it.

That was until I discovered that Krispy Kreme had branched out into the UK. TOTAL WIN! Well, actually not quite. Upon checking the UK website, I discovered that though they were in the UK and growing, the majority of outlets were in London and the nearest one to me was Birmingham...

A nice 2 hour drive and several litres of V-Power later, I arrived at the Bull Ring shopping centre in Birmingham city centre (which incidentally is actually quite a funky place to visit). I entered the lower floor of Selfridges where the Krispy Kreme was located and could smell the doughnuts already. Now, this particular outlet was nowhere near as big as the ones I'd been to over in Canada, but still... *drools*

You can actually see the doughnuts being made and when the machine is on, all customers waiting in the queue get a free freshly baked, hot glazed doughnut. Mmmm...

Moving along the conveyor belt being cooked

Coated by a river of thick gooey sugar

And the final product!

Yes, yes I did buy two dozen.

A lot of companies now use what are known as "Non-Geographic" telephone numbers for call centres, support lines etc. The reasons for this are usually because it allows them to use a number which, for the most part, is a lot easier for people to remember and it standardizes the call costs (usually 4p-ish a min to 0870 numbers). All well and good, right?

Well not exactly. If you, like many people use contract mobile phone instead of a land line, or indeed just because it is easier, you will know that non-geographic numbers such as 0870, 0845 etc are very rarely included in your inclusive minutes. In fact, O2 one of the last providers to include these numbers in their inclusive packages recently announced that this was stopping.

Not only are the numbers no longer included, you are often charges a nice premium for dialling non geographic numbers from your mobile - often to the tune of 20p+ per minute.

Now, I was recently pointed towards a website which I found so useful I almost fell over. Almost.

Say No To 0870

Some of you may have already come across this site as it has been advertised on various radio stations and certain tv shows and may be using it at the moment, good on you. Help spread the word.

For those who don't know: What this site allows you to do, is search either by company name or by the non geographic number you have, to find a direct equivalent geographic number. How freaking cool is that. Then you can dial that number, get the same service you would have got from dialling the 0870 number and it's much cheaper (free if you are on a mobile contract!)

As well as using the service to search, you can also submit any equivalent numbers you know of to help expand the database.

Awesome.

...you'd think people would take you seriously right? All dark and brooding and mysterious. Well actually, no. That picture makes me laugh.

You then get things like Darth and the infamous Chicken...

He tries to be all serious and then fails majestically. Speaking of 'FAIL' ...

...And if you don't get that picture, you just aren't cool enough.

Even Family Guy has taken to abusing good ol' Vader...

What has he done to deserve this!